The 10th of May

Confederate Monument, Cedar Grove Cemetery, New Bern, N.C.

By John B. Green III

In October 1866 a number of New Bern women came together to form the Ladies Memorial Association.  They were the near relatives of deceased Confederate soldiers and their aim was to see to the proper burial of their husbands, fathers, sons, and brothers.  These men lay in hastily dug graves scattered across the city and the countryside.  Some lay abandoned in distant fields and woods hundreds of miles from where they had been born and raised.  By November the ladies had secured a large lot in Cedar Grove Cemetery on which to construct a tomb.  The cornerstone of the structure was laid May 2, 1867.  When completed at the cost of $3,000 this remarkable subterranean brick vault measured approximately sixty feet in length by ten feet in width with the floor of the tomb being approximately twelve feet beneath the surface.  The remains of seventy-one Confederate soldiers were then placed in the tomb.  In subsequent years the Ladies Memorial Association sought to erect a suitable marker above the tomb.  Constructed in stages over ten years the large marble monument topped by a life-sized Confederate soldier was dedicated on May 11, 1885.

Poem composed by Mary Bayard Clarke for Confederate Memorial Day, 1878.

Through the years the Ladies Memorial Association (later the New Bern Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy) made annual pilgrimages to decorate the monument and the graves of Confederate veterans buried in private plots across the cemetery.  The commemorations usually fell on or about May 10th, the anniversary of the death in 1863 of Confederate General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson, and the date chosen by North Carolina and South Carolina as Confederate Memorial Day.  These events consisted of speeches and floral presentations and the reading and singing of poems and songs extolling the "Lost Cause" of the late Confederacy and the bravery and sacrifice of the Southern soldiers and those they left behind.  Attendance sometimes numbered in the hundreds and included veterans, school children, ministers, and public officials.

Confederate Memorial Day remained popular in New Bern and throughout the South well into the 20th century although attendance declined as the veterans and those closest to them passed away.  The last addition to the memorial in Cedar Grove Cemetery occurred on  May 10, 1955 when a large granite and bronze marker was dedicated.  Supplied by the Department of the Army, through the auspices of Congressman Graham A. Barden, the marker listed the Confederate soldiers interred in the tomb beneath the monument.

Dedication of bronze memorial tablet, Cedar Grove Cemetery, 10 May 1955.

Today the public celebration of Confederate Memorial Day is a fading memory in New Bern and elsewhere.  The New Bern Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy ceased to exist more than thirty years ago.  Yet the 10th of May in Cedar Grove Cemetery usually finds a small flag or flower or card placed by some person or persons unknown.  Someone still remembers.

Anonymous tribute left May 10, 1994 following the vandalism of the Confederate tomb.

Southern belles and northern silver

By John B. Green III
 

Generations of Southern women once bore a grudge against the soldiers of the Union army whom they felt had engaged in excessive souvenir collecting during their extended sightseeing tour of the South, 1861-1865.  The slaughter of livestock, the looting of larders, and the burning of houses, barns, and fences could be borne with a certain grim equanimity.  But one thing enraged these ladies above all else - the purloining of cherished family and church silver.  Union General Benjamin F. Butler gained such a reputation in New Orleans for "collecting" Southern silverware that he became known as "Spoons" Butler.  In New Bern, St. John's Masonic Lodge lost its silver candlesticks and the officers' silver insignia, and the lodge cornerstone was robbed of its engraved silver dedication plaque.  The 18th-century silver communion service of Christ Episcopal Church was saved only because it was spirited away to Fayetteville, and then barely saved, when that city fell, by being hidden beneath a pile of old clothes in the back of a closet.

So imagine the surprise of New Bern's ladies when, on two different occasions, former Union soldiers presented them with handsome pieces of silver.  The silver gifts were tokens of appreciation and gratitude from the Union veterans for the kind reception and gracious hospitality they had experienced while revisiting New Bern.

Dedication of the New Jersey monument, May 18, 1905.

Between 1894 and 1909 four Northern states dedicated monuments to their dead in the New Bern National Cemetery: Connecticut in 1894, New Jersey in 1905, Massachusetts in 1908, and Rhode Island in 1909.  Much to their apparent surprise, these delegations of Union veterans and state officials received warm welcomes from New Bern city officials, townspeople, school children and  Confederate veterans.  Speeches, processions, tours of the town and battlefields, and receptions accompanied the monument dedications.  The Confederate veterans served as honor guards and escorts and reminisced with their Union counterparts.  And the Daughters of the Confederacy,  hosting receptions and assisting in the unveilings, charmed their way into the hearts of the aging Boys in Blue.

Massachusetts monument dedicated Nov. 11, 1908

It was the last two dedications, Massachusetts in 1908 and Rhode Island in 1909, which inspired the gifts of silver.  The letter which accompanied the Massachusetts gift read:

Boston, Mass., Dec. 3, 1908

Mrs. Charles L. Stevens, New Bern, N.C.
     Dear Mrs. Stevens - The undersigned were appointed a committee by the Massachusetts Delegation to New Bern to present to the New Bern Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, a suitable memorial, that they may realize in a slight degree the deep sense of gratitude which the Massachusetts Delegation feels toward them; and we have, accordingly purchased a sterling silver punch bowl and ladle, which we are shipping you by express today.

Wm. D. Chapple
Wm. H. Brigham
Chas. B. Amory
Ephraim Stearns
Horace Forbush

Punch bowl and ladle presented by the Massachusetts Delegation

The inscription on the punch bowl reads: 

Presented to New Bern Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, by the Massachusetts Delegation of State Officials and Veterans of the War of 1861-1865, in grateful appreciation of the hospitality, kindness and sympathy shown them at the dedication of the Soldiers Monument in the National Cemetery, New Bern, North Carolina, November 11, 1908.

Rhode Island monument dedicated Oct. 6, 1909

The Rhode Island gift was likewise accompanied by a letter of presentation:

Providence, R.I. 
Jan. 5, 1910

To the United Daughters of the Confederacy, New Bern, N.C.:

     The members of the Rhode Island party that visited New Bern, N.C., October 6th, 1909, for the purpose of dedicating the Rhode Island monument in the National Cemetery, remembering with much pleasure the cordial reception and delightful entertainment accorded them by the United Daughters of the Confederacy, respectfully desire your acceptance of the accompanying gift, as indicating their appreciation of the friendly greetings extended to them on that occasion, and also express the hope that memories recalled by it will be as pleasing to you as the recollections of the visit are gratifying to them.

Very respectfully,
Phillip S. Chase
Secretary.

Ewer presented by the Rhode Island delegation

The inscription reads:

Presented to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, New Bern, N.C. by the Delegation from Rhode Island at the Dedication of the State Monument, New Bern, N.C., October 6, 1909.

These prized pieces of silver were used by the New Bern Daughters of the Confederacy for as long as the chapter existed (it is now defunct).  The last members transferred the silver to the Tryon Palace Historic Sites and Gardens in 1990 for display and safekeeping.